Achilles tendinopathy is a condition characterized by pain, inflammation, and degeneration of the Achilles tendon. The Achilles tendon is a strong band of fibrous tissue that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone. Achilles tendinopathy often occurs due to overuse, repetitive strain, or inadequate healing following an injury.
Managing Achilles tendinopathy requires a comprehensive approach to reduce pain, promote healing, restore function, and prevent future injuries. Physiotherapy plays a crucial role in the treatment process, helping individuals recover from Achilles tendinopathy and regain optimal function.
The treatment of Achilles tendinopathy typically involves following the 5 stages of rehab:
- Pain management: The initial focus is on managing pain and reducing inflammation in the affected area. Physiotherapists may use techniques such as manual therapy, soft tissue mobilization, and modalities like ice therapy to alleviate pain and swelling. They may also recommend the use of orthotics or supportive footwear to provide additional cushioning and support to the Achilles tendon.
- Range of motion: Once pain and inflammation are under control, the emphasis shifts to restoring normal range of motion in the ankle and calf muscles. Physiotherapists prescribe gentle stretching and range of motion exercises to improve flexibility and prevent stiffness. These exercises aim to gradually increase the mobility of the ankle and calf muscles.
- Motor control: This stage focuses on improving motor control and addressing any muscle imbalances or biomechanical issues that may have contributed to the development of Achilles tendinopathy. Physiotherapists prescribe specific exercises that target the calf muscles, as well as the hip and core stabilizers. These exercises aim to improve muscle activation, balance, and coordination, promoting optimal movement patterns and reducing the risk of re-injury.
- Strengthening: Strengthening the calf muscles and addressing any weaknesses or imbalances is crucial for promoting healing and preventing future occurrences of Achilles tendinopathy. Range Physiotherapists will design a personalized exercise program that targets the muscles involved in supporting the Achilles tendon. These exercises may include calf raises, eccentric exercises, and progressive resistance training to gradually build strength and endurance.
- Maintenance and prevention: The final stage focuses on maintaining the gains achieved through rehabilitation and implementing strategies to prevent future occurrences of Achilles tendinopathy. Range Physiotherapists will provide guidance on appropriate warm-up and cool-down exercises, stretching routines, and proper footwear selection. They may also educate individuals on gradually increasing training intensity, incorporating cross-training activities, and making any necessary modifications to training programs to minimize the risk of re-injury.
In addition to physiotherapy, other treatment options for Achilles tendinopathy may include the use of shockwave therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to manage pain and inflammation, as well as the implementation of activity modifications and the use of orthoses or heel lifts to offload the Achilles tendon.
It is important to work closely with a qualified physiotherapist who specializes in treating Achilles tendinopathy. Range Physiotherapists will assess the individual’s condition, develop a tailored treatment plan based on the stages of rehab, and monitor progress throughout the rehabilitation process. With proper treatment, exercises, and adherence to preventive strategies, individuals with Achilles tendinopathy can experience a successful recovery, improved function, and a reduced risk of future occurrences.
For more information regarding Achilles tendinopathy please see:
https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/achilles-tendon
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/achilles-tendonitis